[Infographic] RFID VS NFC: What’s the Difference
Table of Contents
RFID and NFC are both wireless radio frequency technologies. NFC is a type of RFID, but they have significant differences. Here’s an overview of their distinctions with infographic.
Definition
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a broad wireless radio frequency concept, divided into low frequency, high frequency, and ultra-high frequency based on different frequencies. It is used for tracking and identifying objects using radio waves.
NFC (Near Field Communication) is a close-range communication technology with a frequency of 13.56 MHz, enabling data exchange between devices within a close range, ensuring its security.
Protocols
RFID protocols include, for example, EPC Gen2 for UHF RFID and ISO/IEC 14443 for HF RFID.
NFC protocols include ISO/IEC 15693 and ISO/IEC 14443, among others. Each protocol is designed to optimize communication and data exchange within specific frequency ranges and for particular applications.
Frequency
RFID operates at various frequency ranges – low frequency, high frequency, and ultra-high
- Low frequency (LF): Typically operates within the 125-134 kHz range, suitable for short read ranges and good performance near liquids and metals.
- High frequency (HF): Operates within the 13.56 MHz range, offering faster data transfer rates and a relatively short read range.
- Ultra-high frequency (UHF): Operates within the 860-960 MHz range, providing longer read ranges and faster data transfer rates compared to LF and HF RFID systems. UHF is commonly used in applications such as supply chain management, asset tracking, and inventory control.
NFC only operates at 13.56 MHz frequency.
Reading Distance
When it comes to reading distance:
RFID reading distance varies depending on the frequency used:
- LF (Low Frequency) RFID systems typically have a reading range of up to 10 centimeters.
- HF (High Frequency) RFID systems generally offer a reading range of up to 1 meter.
- UHF (Ultra High Frequency) RFID systems can achieve reading distances of several meters.
In contrast, NFC reading distance is generally limited to a few centimeters.
Communication
RFID does indeed primarily utilize simplex communication, meaning it can only read data.
On the other hand, NFC employs duplex communication, enabling both read and write operations. Additionally, NFC devices can function as both a reader and a tag, allowing for versatile usage scenarios.
Data Storage
RFID typically has simple data storage capabilities, often limited to a unique identifier.
NFC, on the other hand, has more complex data storage capabilities, enabling it to store various types of data such as contactless payment information, access control credentials, URL, photo and more.
How It Works
RFID involves the transmission and reception of radio signals between RFID tags and readers for data transmission.
NFC operates by establishing peer-to-peer or reader/writer communication between NFC-enabled devices or NFC tags.
Applications
RFID is extensively used in various industries for inventory management, asset tracking in sectors such as retail, manufacturing, and healthcare, access control in secure environments, as well as supply chain management to enhance visibility and efficiency.
NFC’s applications include contactless payments in retail and transportation, access control for secure facilities, data sharing between compatible devices for seamless interactions, and smart advertising for interactive and customized marketing campaigns. NFC also plays a significant role in the Internet of Things (IoT) for connecting physical objects to the digital world.
Unique Features
RFID operates without needing user action to transmit data, enhancing its efficiency in various applications such as inventory management and access control.
NFC requires the user to bring the tag close to the reader and initiate data exchange with a click, providing a layer of security and control in applications like contactless payments and data sharing.
RFID has the ability to read multiple tags simultaneously, facilitating swift and efficient operations in areas such as supply chain management.
NFC, in contrast, can only read one tag at a time, ensuring precise interactions and data exchange in applications such as access control and contactless transactions.
RFID can receive real-time notifications, enabling instant responses in scenarios like asset tracking and security systems.
NFC, on the other hand, does not support real-time notifications, which aligns with its use in more controlled and specific interactions, such as contactless payments and data sharing.
The above points outline the differences between RFID and NFC. If you require assistance in choosing the right technology for your specific needs, feel free to reach out to us. Our expert team is available to provide you with the best possible solutions.